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Is FEMA messing up? An expert weighs in.
Millions of Americans are still struggling to find their bearings after Hurricane Helene made landfall last week, killing at least 230 people across six states, washing away homes, and leaving thousands without clean water or electricity for days across the southeastern United States. Given that there are so many variables in natural disasters and the communities they afflict, how do you gauge whether your government is doing a good job against a force of nature? And when things go sideways, when should you blame your mayor, your governor, or your president? I posed these questions to Claire Connolly Knox, who founded the Emergency and Crisis Management program at the University of Central Florida in Orlando. She spoke to me from her home in Florida where she was making preparations for Milton’s arrival. There are a number of things. This is going to be one for the record books. One is that it highlights that so much of the conversation focuses on disasters, hurricanes specifically, and the immediately impacted area. Everyone was really concerned about Florida and the Big Bend and Tallahassee, and rightly so, because everyone primarily looks at where the eye of the storm is going and then looking at those initial brunt forces and the impacts. . I think what this hurricane is teaching us is that there’s so much more to hurricanes that we sometimes forget: That’s the rain. That’s the storm surge. That is the spin-off tornadoes. Those cascading impacts we frequently do not focus on. With the Helene system going into North Carolina, the amount of rain that fell is very reminiscent of Hurricane Harvey with the amount of devastation and the flooding that took place.
Vox
Hurricane Evacuations Are Becoming More Challenging—Physically and Psychologically
Hurricane Milton is hurtling toward the western coast of Florida, and thousands of people are fleeing their homes for inland counties—or even other states. Fifteen counties, which include the populous Tampa Bay area, have issued mandatory evacuation orders for those living in high-risk storm surge and flood zones. Traffic has been massively congested, and some gas stations report running out of fuel. The Category 4 storm is approaching on the heels of Hurricane Helene, which struck Florida and ripped through five more states two weeks ago, killing more than 200 people. Many people, still trying to recover their lives amid the aftermath, are now bracing for this new system—which may bring storm surges twice as high to the Tampa Bay area. “Our ground is completely saturated,” says Claire Knox, a professor and director of the Master of Emergency and Crisis Management program at the University of Central Florida, “and now you’re having this massive system that’s going to bring anywhere from eight to 12 feet of storm surge on the west coast [of Florida], probably about five to seven on the [state’s] east coast.” What factors are considered for hurricane evacuation orders? KNOX: There are a lot of things in play. FEMA [the Federal Emergency Management Agency], in partnership with two other agencies, has a tool called HURREVAC in which emergency responders can look at nearby hazards, potential evacuation zones, different scenarios, different categories of the hurricane, anticipated time of landfall. All those go into play, and the tool will help make assessments: What's your clearance time? How many hours is it going to take to evacuate different [storm surge and flood] zones, different populations? You want to get your more socially vulnerable, your coastal areas, individuals in mobile homes and camp sites out first.
Scientific American